BIOLGOICAL SCIENCES (BL)
Biological Sciences question paper will be fully of objective type. There will be negative marking (one third) for wrong answer.
General Biology
Taxonomy and physiology, Pro-and eukaryotic organisms; cell organelles and their function; multicellular organisation; energy transformations; internal transport systems of plants; respiration; regulation of body fluids and excretory mechanisms; cellular reproduction; Mendelian genetics and heredity; biology and populations and communities; evolution; genesis and diversity of organisms; animal behaviour, plant and animal diseases.
Basics of Biochemistry, Biophysics, Molecular Biology
Buffers; trace elements in biological systems; enzymes and proteins; vitamins; biological oxidations, carbohydrates and lipids and their metabolisms; digestion and absorption; detoxifying mechanisms; plant and animal hormones and their action, nervous system, nucleic acids, nature of gene and its function, Genetic code, synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins. Enzyme mechanisms and kinetics, nucleic acid metabolism, photo synthesis.
Structure of biomolecules; intra and intermolecular forces; thermodynamics and kinetics of biological systems, principles of x-ray diffraction, IR and UV spectroscopy and hydrodynamic techniques.
Microbiology, Cell Biology and Immunology
Classes of microorganisms and their characterization, nutrient requirement for growth; laboratory techniques in microbiology, pathogenic microorganisms and disease; applied microbiology; viruses, Microbial genetics. Innate and adaptive immunity, antigen antibodies.
Cell theory; Cell architecture; methods of cell fractionation; cell division; types of chromosome structure; biochemical genetics- inborn errors of metabolisms; viruses and fungi; principles of processes of development.
Mathematical Sciences
Mathematical functions (algebraic, exponential, trigonometric), their derivatives (derivatives and integrals of simple functions), permutations and combinations.
General Biology
Taxonomy and physiology, Pro-and eukaryotic organisms; cell organelles and their function; multicellular organisation; energy transformations; internal transport systems of plants; respiration; regulation of body fluids and excretory mechanisms; cellular reproduction; Mendelian genetics and heredity; biology and populations and communities; evolution; genesis and diversity of organisms; animal behaviour, plant and animal diseases.
Basics of Biochemistry, Biophysics, Molecular Biology
Buffers; trace elements in biological systems; enzymes and proteins; vitamins; biological oxidations, carbohydrates and lipids and their metabolisms; digestion and absorption; detoxifying mechanisms; plant and animal hormones and their action, nervous system, nucleic acids, nature of gene and its function, Genetic code, synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins. Enzyme mechanisms and kinetics, nucleic acid metabolism, photo synthesis.
Structure of biomolecules; intra and intermolecular forces; thermodynamics and kinetics of biological systems, principles of x-ray diffraction, IR and UV spectroscopy and hydrodynamic techniques.
Microbiology, Cell Biology and Immunology
Classes of microorganisms and their characterization, nutrient requirement for growth; laboratory techniques in microbiology, pathogenic microorganisms and disease; applied microbiology; viruses, Microbial genetics. Innate and adaptive immunity, antigen antibodies.
Cell theory; Cell architecture; methods of cell fractionation; cell division; types of chromosome structure; biochemical genetics- inborn errors of metabolisms; viruses and fungi; principles of processes of development.
Mathematical Sciences
Mathematical functions (algebraic, exponential, trigonometric), their derivatives (derivatives and integrals of simple functions), permutations and combinations.
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BIOTECHNOLOGY (BT)
The Biotechnology (BT) test paper comprises ofBiology (44% weightage), Chemistry (20% weightage), Mathematics (18% weightage) and Physics (18% weightage). The question paper will be fully of objective type. There will be negative marking (one third) for wrong answer.
BIOLOGY (10+2+3 level)
General Biology: Taxonomy; Heredity; Genetic variation; Conservation; Principles of ecology; Evolution; Techniques in modern biology. Biochemistry and Physiology: Carbohydrates; Proteins; Lipids; Nucleic acids; Enzymes; Vitamins; Hormones; Metabolism-Glycolysis, TCA cycle, Oxidative Phosphoryation; Photosynthesis. Nitrogen Fixation, Fertilization and Osmoregulation; Vertebrates - Nervous system; Endocrine system; Vascular system; Immune system; Digestive system and Reproductive System. Basic
BIOLOGY (10+2+3 level)
General Biology: Taxonomy; Heredity; Genetic variation; Conservation; Principles of ecology; Evolution; Techniques in modern biology. Biochemistry and Physiology: Carbohydrates; Proteins; Lipids; Nucleic acids; Enzymes; Vitamins; Hormones; Metabolism-Glycolysis, TCA cycle, Oxidative Phosphoryation; Photosynthesis. Nitrogen Fixation, Fertilization and Osmoregulation; Vertebrates - Nervous system; Endocrine system; Vascular system; Immune system; Digestive system and Reproductive System. Basic
Biotechnology: Tissue culture; Application of enzymes; Antigen-antibody interaction; Antibody production; Diagnostic aids. Molecular Biology: DNA; RNA; Replication; Transcription; Translation; Proteins; Lipids and Membranes; Operon model; Gene transfer. Cell Biology: Cell cycle; Cytoskeletal elements; Mitochondria; Endoplasmic reticulum; Chloroplast; Golgi apparatus; Signaling. Microbiology: Isolation; Cultivation; Structural features of virus; Bacteria; Fungi; Protozoa; Pathogenic micro-organisms.
CHEMISTRY (10+2+3 level)
Atomic Structure: Bohr's theory and Schrodinger wave equation; Periodicity in properties; Chemical bonding; Properties of s, p, d and f block elements; Complex formation; Coordination compounds; Chemical equilibria; Chemical thermodynamics (first and second law); Chemical kinetics (zero, first, second and third order reactions); Photochemistry; Electrochemistry; Acid-base concepts; Stereochemistry of carbon compounds; Inductive, electromeric, conjugative effects and resonance; Chemistry of Functional Groups: Hydrocarbons, alkyl halides, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, amines and their derivatives; Aromatic hydrocarbons, halides, nitro and amino compounds, phenols, diazonium salts, carboxylic and sulphonic acids; Mechanism of organic reactions; Soaps and detergents; Synthetic polymers; Biomolecules-amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and carbohydrates (polysaccharides); Instrumental techniques-chromatography (TLC, HPLC), electrophoresis, UV-Vis, IR and NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry.
MATHEMATICS (10+2 level)
Sets, Relations and Functions, Mathematical Induction, Logarithms, Complex numbers, Linear and Quadratic equations, Sequences and Series, Trigonometry, Cartesian System of Rectangular Coordinates, Straight lines and Family, Circles, Conic Sections, Permutations and Combinations, Binomial Theorem, Exponential and Logarithmic Series, Mathematical Logic, Statistics, Three Dimensional Geometry, Vectors, Matrices and Determinants, Boolean Algebra, Probability, Functions, limits and Continuity, Differentiation, Application of Derivatives, Definite and Indefinite Integrals, Differential Equations.
PHYSICS (10+2 level)
Physical World and Measurement, Elementary Statics and Dynamics, Kinematics, Laws of Motion, Work, Energy and Power, Electrostatics, Current electricity, Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism, Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current, Electromagnetic waves, Optics, Dual Nature of Matter and Radiations, Atomic Nucleus, Solids and Semiconductor Devices, Principles of Communication, Motion of System of Particles and Rigid Body, Gravitation, Mechanics of Solids and Fluids, Heat and Thermodynamics, Oscillations, Waves.
CHEMISTRY (10+2+3 level)
Atomic Structure: Bohr's theory and Schrodinger wave equation; Periodicity in properties; Chemical bonding; Properties of s, p, d and f block elements; Complex formation; Coordination compounds; Chemical equilibria; Chemical thermodynamics (first and second law); Chemical kinetics (zero, first, second and third order reactions); Photochemistry; Electrochemistry; Acid-base concepts; Stereochemistry of carbon compounds; Inductive, electromeric, conjugative effects and resonance; Chemistry of Functional Groups: Hydrocarbons, alkyl halides, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, amines and their derivatives; Aromatic hydrocarbons, halides, nitro and amino compounds, phenols, diazonium salts, carboxylic and sulphonic acids; Mechanism of organic reactions; Soaps and detergents; Synthetic polymers; Biomolecules-amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and carbohydrates (polysaccharides); Instrumental techniques-chromatography (TLC, HPLC), electrophoresis, UV-Vis, IR and NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry.
MATHEMATICS (10+2 level)
Sets, Relations and Functions, Mathematical Induction, Logarithms, Complex numbers, Linear and Quadratic equations, Sequences and Series, Trigonometry, Cartesian System of Rectangular Coordinates, Straight lines and Family, Circles, Conic Sections, Permutations and Combinations, Binomial Theorem, Exponential and Logarithmic Series, Mathematical Logic, Statistics, Three Dimensional Geometry, Vectors, Matrices and Determinants, Boolean Algebra, Probability, Functions, limits and Continuity, Differentiation, Application of Derivatives, Definite and Indefinite Integrals, Differential Equations.
PHYSICS (10+2 level)
Physical World and Measurement, Elementary Statics and Dynamics, Kinematics, Laws of Motion, Work, Energy and Power, Electrostatics, Current electricity, Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism, Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current, Electromagnetic waves, Optics, Dual Nature of Matter and Radiations, Atomic Nucleus, Solids and Semiconductor Devices, Principles of Communication, Motion of System of Particles and Rigid Body, Gravitation, Mechanics of Solids and Fluids, Heat and Thermodynamics, Oscillations, Waves.
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CHEMISTRY (CY)
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Basic Mathematical Concepts: Functions, maxima and minima, integrals, ordinary differential equations, vectors and matrices, determinants, elementary statistics and probability theory.
Atomic and Molecular Structure: Fundamental particles, Bohr's theory of hydrogen-like atom; wave-particle duality; Uncertainty principle; Schrodinger's wave equation; Quantum numbers, shapes of orbitals; Hund's rule and Pauli's exclusion principle, electronic configuration of simple homonuclear diatomic molecules.
Theory of Gases: Equation of state of ideal and nonideal (van der Waals) gases, Kinetic theory of gases. Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution law; equipartition of energy. Solid state: Crystals, crystal systems, X-rays, NaCl and Kcl structures, close packing, atomic and ionic radii, radius ratio rules, lattice energy, Born-Haber cycle, isomorphism, heat capacity of solids.
Chemical Thermodynamics: Reversible and irreversible processes; First law and its application to ideal and nonideal gases; Thermochemistry; Second law; Entropy and free energy, Criteria for spontaneity.
Chemical and Phase Equilibria: Law of mass action; Kp, Kc, Kx and Kn; Effect of temperature on K; Ionic equilibria in solutions; pH and buffer solutions; Hydrolysis; Solubility product; Phase equilibria-Phase rule and its application to one-component and two-component systems; Colligative properties.
Electrochemistry: Conductance and its applications; Transport number; Galvanic cells; EMF and Free energy; Concentration cells with and without transport; Polarography; Concentration cells with and without transport; Debey-Huckel-Onsagar theory of strong electrolytes.
Chemical Kinetics: Reactions of various order, Arrhenius equation, Collision theory; Theory of absolute reaction rate; Chain reactions - Normal and branched chain reactions; Enzyme kinetics; photochemical processes; Catalysis.
Adsorption: Gibbs adsorption equation, adsorption isotherm, types of adsorption, surface area of adsorbents, surface films on liquids.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Basic Concepts in Organic Chemistry and Stereochemistry: Electronic effect (resonance, inductive, hyperconjugation) and steric effects and its applications (acid/base property). Optical isomerism in compounds without any stereocenters (allenes, biphenyls), conformation of acyclic systems (substituted ethane/n-propane/n-butane) and cyclic systems (mono and di substituted cyclohexanes).
Organic Reaction Mechanism and Synthetic Applications: Chemistry reactive intermediates, carbine, nitrene, benzyne, Hofmann-Curtius-Lossen rearrangement, Wolf rearrangement, Simmons-Smith reaction, Reimer- Tiemann reaction, Michael reaction, Darzens reaction, Witting reaction, McMurry reaction. Pinacol-pinacolone, Favorskii, benzilic acid rearrangement, dienonc-phenol rearrangement, Bayer-Villeger reaction). Oxidation and reduction reactions in organic chemistry. Organometallic reagents in organic synthesis (Grignard and organocopper). Diels-Alder reaction, Sigmatropic reactions.
Qualitative Organic Analysis: Functional group interconversions, structural problems using chemical reactions, identification of functional groups by chemical tests, elementary 1H NMR and IR spectroscopy as a tool for structural elucidation.
Natural Products Chemistry : Introductory chemistry of alkaloids, terpenes, carbohydrates, amino acids, peptides and nucleic acids.
Heterocyclic Chemistry: Monocyclic compounds with one hetero atom.
Periodic Table: Periodic classification of elements and periodicity in properties; general methods of isolation and purification of elements.
Chemical Bonding and Shapes of Compounds: Types of bonding; VSEPR theory and shapes of molecules; hybridization; dipole moment; ionic solids; structure of NaCl, CsCl, diamond and graphite; lattice energy.
Main Group Elements (s and p blocks): Chemistry with emphasis on group relationship and gradation in properties; structure of electron deficient compounds of main groupelements and application of main group elements.
Transition Metals (d block): Characteristics of 3d elements; oxide, hydroxide and salts of first row metals; coordination complexes; VB and Crystal Field theoretical approaches for structure, colour and magnetic properties of metal complexes. Organometallic compounds, metal carnonyls, nitrosyls and metallocenes, ligands with back bonding capabilities; MO theory approaches to explain bonding in metal-carbonyl, metal-nitrosyl and metalphosphine complexes.
Bioinorganic Chemistry: Essentials and trace elements of life, basic reactions in the biological systems and the role of metal ions especially Fe2+, Fe3+, Cu2+ and Zn2+, function of hemoglobin and myoglobin.
Instrumental Methods of Analysis: Basic principles, instrumentations and simple applications of conductometry, potentiometry, UV-vis spectro-photometry, analysis of water, air and soil samples.
Analytical Chemistry: Principles of qualitative and quantitative analysis; acid-base, oxidation-reduction and EDTA and precipitation reactions; use of indicators; use of organic reagents in inorganic analysis; radioactivity; nuclear reactions; applications of isotopes.
Basic Mathematical Concepts: Functions, maxima and minima, integrals, ordinary differential equations, vectors and matrices, determinants, elementary statistics and probability theory.
Atomic and Molecular Structure: Fundamental particles, Bohr's theory of hydrogen-like atom; wave-particle duality; Uncertainty principle; Schrodinger's wave equation; Quantum numbers, shapes of orbitals; Hund's rule and Pauli's exclusion principle, electronic configuration of simple homonuclear diatomic molecules.
Theory of Gases: Equation of state of ideal and nonideal (van der Waals) gases, Kinetic theory of gases. Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution law; equipartition of energy. Solid state: Crystals, crystal systems, X-rays, NaCl and Kcl structures, close packing, atomic and ionic radii, radius ratio rules, lattice energy, Born-Haber cycle, isomorphism, heat capacity of solids.
Chemical Thermodynamics: Reversible and irreversible processes; First law and its application to ideal and nonideal gases; Thermochemistry; Second law; Entropy and free energy, Criteria for spontaneity.
Chemical and Phase Equilibria: Law of mass action; Kp, Kc, Kx and Kn; Effect of temperature on K; Ionic equilibria in solutions; pH and buffer solutions; Hydrolysis; Solubility product; Phase equilibria-Phase rule and its application to one-component and two-component systems; Colligative properties.
Electrochemistry: Conductance and its applications; Transport number; Galvanic cells; EMF and Free energy; Concentration cells with and without transport; Polarography; Concentration cells with and without transport; Debey-Huckel-Onsagar theory of strong electrolytes.
Chemical Kinetics: Reactions of various order, Arrhenius equation, Collision theory; Theory of absolute reaction rate; Chain reactions - Normal and branched chain reactions; Enzyme kinetics; photochemical processes; Catalysis.
Adsorption: Gibbs adsorption equation, adsorption isotherm, types of adsorption, surface area of adsorbents, surface films on liquids.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Basic Concepts in Organic Chemistry and Stereochemistry: Electronic effect (resonance, inductive, hyperconjugation) and steric effects and its applications (acid/base property). Optical isomerism in compounds without any stereocenters (allenes, biphenyls), conformation of acyclic systems (substituted ethane/n-propane/n-butane) and cyclic systems (mono and di substituted cyclohexanes).
Organic Reaction Mechanism and Synthetic Applications: Chemistry reactive intermediates, carbine, nitrene, benzyne, Hofmann-Curtius-Lossen rearrangement, Wolf rearrangement, Simmons-Smith reaction, Reimer- Tiemann reaction, Michael reaction, Darzens reaction, Witting reaction, McMurry reaction. Pinacol-pinacolone, Favorskii, benzilic acid rearrangement, dienonc-phenol rearrangement, Bayer-Villeger reaction). Oxidation and reduction reactions in organic chemistry. Organometallic reagents in organic synthesis (Grignard and organocopper). Diels-Alder reaction, Sigmatropic reactions.
Qualitative Organic Analysis: Functional group interconversions, structural problems using chemical reactions, identification of functional groups by chemical tests, elementary 1H NMR and IR spectroscopy as a tool for structural elucidation.
Natural Products Chemistry : Introductory chemistry of alkaloids, terpenes, carbohydrates, amino acids, peptides and nucleic acids.
Heterocyclic Chemistry: Monocyclic compounds with one hetero atom.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Periodic Table: Periodic classification of elements and periodicity in properties; general methods of isolation and purification of elements.
Chemical Bonding and Shapes of Compounds: Types of bonding; VSEPR theory and shapes of molecules; hybridization; dipole moment; ionic solids; structure of NaCl, CsCl, diamond and graphite; lattice energy.
Main Group Elements (s and p blocks): Chemistry with emphasis on group relationship and gradation in properties; structure of electron deficient compounds of main groupelements and application of main group elements.
Transition Metals (d block): Characteristics of 3d elements; oxide, hydroxide and salts of first row metals; coordination complexes; VB and Crystal Field theoretical approaches for structure, colour and magnetic properties of metal complexes. Organometallic compounds, metal carnonyls, nitrosyls and metallocenes, ligands with back bonding capabilities; MO theory approaches to explain bonding in metal-carbonyl, metal-nitrosyl and metalphosphine complexes.
Bioinorganic Chemistry: Essentials and trace elements of life, basic reactions in the biological systems and the role of metal ions especially Fe2+, Fe3+, Cu2+ and Zn2+, function of hemoglobin and myoglobin.
Instrumental Methods of Analysis: Basic principles, instrumentations and simple applications of conductometry, potentiometry, UV-vis spectro-photometry, analysis of water, air and soil samples.
Analytical Chemistry: Principles of qualitative and quantitative analysis; acid-base, oxidation-reduction and EDTA and precipitation reactions; use of indicators; use of organic reagents in inorganic analysis; radioactivity; nuclear reactions; applications of isotopes.
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COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (CA)
The Computer Applications (CA) test paper comprisesof Mathematics, Computer Awareness, and Analytical Ability and General Awareness and they will be in the ratio 4:2:1. The question paper will be fully of objective type. There will be negative marking (one third) for wrong answer.
MATHEMATICS
Algebra: Set theory and its simple applications. Basic concepts of groups, fields and vector spaces.
Matrices: Rank of a matrix. Existence and uniqueness of solution of a system of linear equations. Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. Inverse of a matrix by elementary transformations.
Differential Calculus: Differentiation, Partial differentiation, Taylor series and approximate calculations. Maxima and minima of functions of one and two variables.
Integral Calculus: Single and multiple integration. Definite integrals, Change of order and change of variables. Applications to evaluation of area, surface and volume.
Differential Equations: First order differential equations, linear differential equations of higher order with constant coefficients.
Vector Algebra: Addition, subtraction, dot product, cross product, triple product and their applications.
Numerical Analysis: Solution of non-linear equations using iterative methods. Interpolation (Lagrange's formula and Newton's formula for equidistant points). Numerical differentiation and integration (Trapezoidal and Simpson's rules).
Probability: Basic concepts of probability theory. Binomial and Poisson distributions.
Linear Programming: Formulation and its graphical solution for two variable problems.
COMPUTER AWARENESS
Elements of computers. Number systems. Basic electronic gates. Boolean algebra. Flip-Flops. Algorithmic approach to solve problems. Fundamentals of C language.
ANALYTICAL ABILITY AND GENERAL AWARENESS
Simple questions will be asked to test the analytical ability and general awareness of candidates.
MATHEMATICS
Algebra: Set theory and its simple applications. Basic concepts of groups, fields and vector spaces.
Matrices: Rank of a matrix. Existence and uniqueness of solution of a system of linear equations. Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. Inverse of a matrix by elementary transformations.
Differential Calculus: Differentiation, Partial differentiation, Taylor series and approximate calculations. Maxima and minima of functions of one and two variables.
Integral Calculus: Single and multiple integration. Definite integrals, Change of order and change of variables. Applications to evaluation of area, surface and volume.
Differential Equations: First order differential equations, linear differential equations of higher order with constant coefficients.
Vector Algebra: Addition, subtraction, dot product, cross product, triple product and their applications.
Numerical Analysis: Solution of non-linear equations using iterative methods. Interpolation (Lagrange's formula and Newton's formula for equidistant points). Numerical differentiation and integration (Trapezoidal and Simpson's rules).
Probability: Basic concepts of probability theory. Binomial and Poisson distributions.
Linear Programming: Formulation and its graphical solution for two variable problems.
COMPUTER AWARENESS
Elements of computers. Number systems. Basic electronic gates. Boolean algebra. Flip-Flops. Algorithmic approach to solve problems. Fundamentals of C language.
ANALYTICAL ABILITY AND GENERAL AWARENESS
Simple questions will be asked to test the analytical ability and general awareness of candidates.
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GEOLOGY (GG)
The Planet Earth: Origin of the Solar System and theEarth; Geosphere and the composition of the Earth; Shape and size of the earth; Earth-moon system; Formation of continents and oceans; Dating rocks and age of the Earth; Energy in the earth system; Volcanism and volcanic landforms; Interior of earth; Earthquakes; Earth's magnetism and gravity, Isostasy; Elements of Plate tectonics; Orogenic cycles.
Geomorphology: Weathering and erosion; Transportation and deposition due to wind, ice, river, sea, and resulting landforms, Structurally controlled landforms.
Structural Geology: Concept of stratum; Contour; Outcrop patterns; Maps and cross sections; Dip and strike; Classification and origin of folds, faults, joints, foliation and lineation, unconformities; shear zones.
Palaeontology: Major steps in the evolution of life forms; Fossils; their mode of preservation and utility; Morphological characters, major evolutionary trends and ages of important groups of animals - Brachiopoda, Mollusca, Trilobita, Graptolitoidea, Anthozoa, Echinodermata; Gondwana plant fossils; Elementary idea of verterbrate fossils in India.
Stratigraphy: Principles of stratigraphy; Litho-, chronoand biostratigraphic classification; distribution and classification of the stratigraphic horizons of India from Archaean to Recent.
Mineralogy: Symmetry and forms in common crystal classes; Physical properties of minerals; Isomorphism and polymorphism, Classification of minerals; Structure of silicates; Mineralogy of common rock-forming minerals; Mode of occurrence of minerals in rocks. Transmitted polarised light microscopy and optical properties of uniaxial and biaxial minerals.
Petrology: Definition and classification of rocks; Igneous rocks - forms of igneous bodies; Crystallization from magma; classification, association and genesis of igneous rocks; Sedimentary rocks - classification, texture and structure; size and shape of sedimentary bodies. Metamorphic rocks - classification, facies, texture and properties.
Economic Geology: Properties of common economic minerals; General processes of formation of mineral deposits; Physical characters; Mode of occurrence and distribution in India both of metallic and non-metallic mineral deposits; Coal and petroleum occurrences in India.
Applied Geology: Ground Water; Mineral exploration, elements of Mining Geology and Environmental Geology; Principles of Engineering Geology.
Geomorphology: Weathering and erosion; Transportation and deposition due to wind, ice, river, sea, and resulting landforms, Structurally controlled landforms.
Structural Geology: Concept of stratum; Contour; Outcrop patterns; Maps and cross sections; Dip and strike; Classification and origin of folds, faults, joints, foliation and lineation, unconformities; shear zones.
Palaeontology: Major steps in the evolution of life forms; Fossils; their mode of preservation and utility; Morphological characters, major evolutionary trends and ages of important groups of animals - Brachiopoda, Mollusca, Trilobita, Graptolitoidea, Anthozoa, Echinodermata; Gondwana plant fossils; Elementary idea of verterbrate fossils in India.
Stratigraphy: Principles of stratigraphy; Litho-, chronoand biostratigraphic classification; distribution and classification of the stratigraphic horizons of India from Archaean to Recent.
Mineralogy: Symmetry and forms in common crystal classes; Physical properties of minerals; Isomorphism and polymorphism, Classification of minerals; Structure of silicates; Mineralogy of common rock-forming minerals; Mode of occurrence of minerals in rocks. Transmitted polarised light microscopy and optical properties of uniaxial and biaxial minerals.
Petrology: Definition and classification of rocks; Igneous rocks - forms of igneous bodies; Crystallization from magma; classification, association and genesis of igneous rocks; Sedimentary rocks - classification, texture and structure; size and shape of sedimentary bodies. Metamorphic rocks - classification, facies, texture and properties.
Economic Geology: Properties of common economic minerals; General processes of formation of mineral deposits; Physical characters; Mode of occurrence and distribution in India both of metallic and non-metallic mineral deposits; Coal and petroleum occurrences in India.
Applied Geology: Ground Water; Mineral exploration, elements of Mining Geology and Environmental Geology; Principles of Engineering Geology.
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GEOPHYSICS (GP)
There will be Three Sections in the Geophysics (GP)test paper, namely, Geology, Mathematics and Physics, each with a weightage of 50%. A candidate has to attempt any Two Sections.
The syllabi for the Geology, Mathematics and Physics Sections of the Geophysics (GP) test paper are given below:
GEOLOGY SECTION
The Planet Earth: Origin of the Solar System and the Earth; Geosphere and the composition of the earth; Shape and size of the Earth; Earth-moon system; Formation of continents and oceans; dating the rocks and age of the Earth; Energy in the earth system; Volcanism and volcanic landforms; Interior of earth; Earthquakes. Earth's magnetism and gravity, Elements of plate tectonics.
Geomorphology: Weathering and erosion; transportation and deposition due to wind, ice, river, sea, and resulting landforms, structurally controlled landforms.
Structural Geology: Concept of stratum; Contour; Outcrop patterns; Maps and cross sections; Dip and strike; classification and origin of folds, faults, joints, foliation and lineation, unconformities; shear zones.
Mineralogy: Symmetry and forms in common crystal classes; physical properties of minerals; Isomorphism and polymorphism, Classification of minerals; Structure of silicates; Mineralogy of common rock-forming minerals; Mode of occurrence of minerals in rock. Transmitted polarised light microscopy and optical properties of uniaxial and biaxial minerals.
Palaeontology: Major steps in the evolution of life forms; Fossils; their mode of preservation and utility; Morphological characters, major evolutionary trends and ages of important groups of animals - Brachiopoda, Mollusca, Trilobita, Graptolitoidea, Anthozoa, Echinodermata;
Stratigraphy: Principles of Stratigraphy, Geological Time Scale and ages of major stratigraphic units of India.
Petrology: Definition and classification of rocks; Igneous rock-forms of igneous bodies; Crystallisation from magma; classification, association and genesis of igneous rocks; Sedimentary rocks-classification, texture and structure; Metamorphic rocks-Classification, facies, texture and structure.
Economic Geology: Physical properties of common ore minerals, General processes of formation of mineral deposits; Mode of occurrence of important metallic and nonmetallic deposits in India; Coal, petroleum and ground water occurrences in India.
MATHEMATICS SECTION
Sequences, Series and Differential Calculus:Sequences of real numbers, Convergent sequences and series. Mean Value Theorem, Taylor's theorem, Maxima and Minima, functions of several variables.
Integral Calculus: Fundamental theorem of calculus, Integration, Double and Triple integrals, change of order of integration, Surface Areas and Volumes.
Differential Equations: Linear and Non-linear ODE, existence and uniqueness (without proof), Linear Differential Equations of second order with constant coefficients.
Vector Calculus: Gradient, Divergence, Curl, Laplacian, Green's, Stokes and Gauss theorems and their Applications.
Linear Algebra: System of Linear Equations, Matrices, Rank, Determinant, Inverse, eigenvalues and eigenvectros. Dimension, Linear transformations.
Probability: Probability spaces, Conditional Probability, Independence, Bayes Theorem, Univariate and Bivariate Random Variables, Moment Generating and Characteristic Functions, Binomial, Poisson and Normal distributions.
Statistics: Sampling Distributions of Sample Mean and Variance, Exact Sampling Distribution (Normal Population), Simple and Composite hypothesis, Best critical region of a Test, Neyman-Pearson theorem, Likelihood Ratio Testing and its Application to Normal population, comparison of normal populations, large sample theory of test of hypothesis, approximate test on the parameter of a binomial population, comparison of two binomial populations.
Numerical Analysis: Difference table, symbolic operators, differences of a factorial, representation of a polynomial by factorials. Forward, backward and central difference approximation formulae. Simpson's one-third rule, Newton- Raphson method for finding the solution of f(x)=0.
PHYSICS SECTION
Mechanics and General Properties of Matter: Newton's laws of motion and applications, Kepler's laws, Gravitational Law and field, Conservative and non-conservative forces. System of particles, Centre of mass (CM), equation of motion of the CM, conservation of linear and angular momentum, conservation of energy. Elastic and inelastic collisions. Rigid body motion, fixed axis rotations, rotation and translation, moments of Inertia and products of Inertia. Principal moments and axes. Elasticity, Hooke̢۪s law and elastic constants of isotropic solid, stress energy. Kinematics of moving fluids, equation of continuity, Euler's equation, Bernoulli's theorem, viscous fluids, surface tension and surface energy, capillarity.
Oscillations, Waves and Optics: Differential equation for simple harmonic oscillator and its general solution. Superposition of two or more simple harmonic oscillators. Lissajous figures. Damped and forced oscillators, resonance. Wave equation, travelling and standing waves in one-dimension. Energy density and energy transmission in waves. Group velocity and phase velocity. Sound waves in media. Doppler Effect. Fermat's Principle. General theory of image formation. Thick lens, thin lens and lens combinations. Interference of light, optical path retardation. Fraunhofer diffraction. Rayleigh criterion and resolving power. Diffraction gratings. Polarization: linear, circular and elliptic polarization. Double refraction and optical rotation.
Electricity and Magnetism: Coulomb's law, Gauss's law. Concept of Potential, Field and Boundary Conditions, Solution of Laplace's equation for simple cases. Conductors, capacitors, dielectrics, dielectric polarization, volume and surface charges, electrostatic energy. Magnetic susceptibility, bar magnet, Earth's magnetic field and its elements. Biot-Savart law, Ampere's law, Lenz's law, Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, self and mutual inductance. Alternating currents. Simple DC and AC circuits with R, L and C components. Displacement current, Maxwell's equations and plane electromagnetic waves. Lorentz Force and motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields.
Kinetic theory, Thermodynamics: Elements of Kinetic theory of gases. Velocity distribution and Equipartition of energy. Specific heat of Mono-, di- and tri-atomic gases. Ideal gas, Van-der-Waals gas and equation of state. Mean free path . Laws of thermodynamics. Zeroeth law and concept of thermal equilibrium. First law of thermodynamics and its consequences. Isothermal and adiabatic processes. Reversible, irreversible and quasi-static processes. Second law of thermodynamics. Carnot cycle.
Modern Physics: Inertial frames and Galilean invariance. Postulates of special relativity. Lorentz transformations. Length contraction, time dilation. Relativistic velocity addition theorem, mass energy equivalence. Blackbody radiation, photoelectric effect, Bohr's atomic model, X-rays. Wave-particle duality, Uncertainty principle, Pauli Exclusion Principle, Structure of atomic nucleus, mass and binding energy. Radioactivity and its applications. Laws of radioactive decay and half life, Fission and fusion.
Solid State Physics and Electronics: Crystal structure, Bravais lattices and basis. Miller indices. X-ray diffraction and Bragg's law, Origin of energy bands. Concept of holes. Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. p-n junctions, transistors. Amplifier circuits with transistors.
The syllabi for the Geology, Mathematics and Physics Sections of the Geophysics (GP) test paper are given below:
GEOLOGY SECTION
The Planet Earth: Origin of the Solar System and the Earth; Geosphere and the composition of the earth; Shape and size of the Earth; Earth-moon system; Formation of continents and oceans; dating the rocks and age of the Earth; Energy in the earth system; Volcanism and volcanic landforms; Interior of earth; Earthquakes. Earth's magnetism and gravity, Elements of plate tectonics.
Geomorphology: Weathering and erosion; transportation and deposition due to wind, ice, river, sea, and resulting landforms, structurally controlled landforms.
Structural Geology: Concept of stratum; Contour; Outcrop patterns; Maps and cross sections; Dip and strike; classification and origin of folds, faults, joints, foliation and lineation, unconformities; shear zones.
Mineralogy: Symmetry and forms in common crystal classes; physical properties of minerals; Isomorphism and polymorphism, Classification of minerals; Structure of silicates; Mineralogy of common rock-forming minerals; Mode of occurrence of minerals in rock. Transmitted polarised light microscopy and optical properties of uniaxial and biaxial minerals.
Palaeontology: Major steps in the evolution of life forms; Fossils; their mode of preservation and utility; Morphological characters, major evolutionary trends and ages of important groups of animals - Brachiopoda, Mollusca, Trilobita, Graptolitoidea, Anthozoa, Echinodermata;
Stratigraphy: Principles of Stratigraphy, Geological Time Scale and ages of major stratigraphic units of India.
Petrology: Definition and classification of rocks; Igneous rock-forms of igneous bodies; Crystallisation from magma; classification, association and genesis of igneous rocks; Sedimentary rocks-classification, texture and structure; Metamorphic rocks-Classification, facies, texture and structure.
Economic Geology: Physical properties of common ore minerals, General processes of formation of mineral deposits; Mode of occurrence of important metallic and nonmetallic deposits in India; Coal, petroleum and ground water occurrences in India.
MATHEMATICS SECTION
Sequences, Series and Differential Calculus:Sequences of real numbers, Convergent sequences and series. Mean Value Theorem, Taylor's theorem, Maxima and Minima, functions of several variables.
Integral Calculus: Fundamental theorem of calculus, Integration, Double and Triple integrals, change of order of integration, Surface Areas and Volumes.
Differential Equations: Linear and Non-linear ODE, existence and uniqueness (without proof), Linear Differential Equations of second order with constant coefficients.
Vector Calculus: Gradient, Divergence, Curl, Laplacian, Green's, Stokes and Gauss theorems and their Applications.
Linear Algebra: System of Linear Equations, Matrices, Rank, Determinant, Inverse, eigenvalues and eigenvectros. Dimension, Linear transformations.
Probability: Probability spaces, Conditional Probability, Independence, Bayes Theorem, Univariate and Bivariate Random Variables, Moment Generating and Characteristic Functions, Binomial, Poisson and Normal distributions.
Statistics: Sampling Distributions of Sample Mean and Variance, Exact Sampling Distribution (Normal Population), Simple and Composite hypothesis, Best critical region of a Test, Neyman-Pearson theorem, Likelihood Ratio Testing and its Application to Normal population, comparison of normal populations, large sample theory of test of hypothesis, approximate test on the parameter of a binomial population, comparison of two binomial populations.
Numerical Analysis: Difference table, symbolic operators, differences of a factorial, representation of a polynomial by factorials. Forward, backward and central difference approximation formulae. Simpson's one-third rule, Newton- Raphson method for finding the solution of f(x)=0.
PHYSICS SECTION
Mechanics and General Properties of Matter: Newton's laws of motion and applications, Kepler's laws, Gravitational Law and field, Conservative and non-conservative forces. System of particles, Centre of mass (CM), equation of motion of the CM, conservation of linear and angular momentum, conservation of energy. Elastic and inelastic collisions. Rigid body motion, fixed axis rotations, rotation and translation, moments of Inertia and products of Inertia. Principal moments and axes. Elasticity, Hooke̢۪s law and elastic constants of isotropic solid, stress energy. Kinematics of moving fluids, equation of continuity, Euler's equation, Bernoulli's theorem, viscous fluids, surface tension and surface energy, capillarity.
Oscillations, Waves and Optics: Differential equation for simple harmonic oscillator and its general solution. Superposition of two or more simple harmonic oscillators. Lissajous figures. Damped and forced oscillators, resonance. Wave equation, travelling and standing waves in one-dimension. Energy density and energy transmission in waves. Group velocity and phase velocity. Sound waves in media. Doppler Effect. Fermat's Principle. General theory of image formation. Thick lens, thin lens and lens combinations. Interference of light, optical path retardation. Fraunhofer diffraction. Rayleigh criterion and resolving power. Diffraction gratings. Polarization: linear, circular and elliptic polarization. Double refraction and optical rotation.
Electricity and Magnetism: Coulomb's law, Gauss's law. Concept of Potential, Field and Boundary Conditions, Solution of Laplace's equation for simple cases. Conductors, capacitors, dielectrics, dielectric polarization, volume and surface charges, electrostatic energy. Magnetic susceptibility, bar magnet, Earth's magnetic field and its elements. Biot-Savart law, Ampere's law, Lenz's law, Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, self and mutual inductance. Alternating currents. Simple DC and AC circuits with R, L and C components. Displacement current, Maxwell's equations and plane electromagnetic waves. Lorentz Force and motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields.
Kinetic theory, Thermodynamics: Elements of Kinetic theory of gases. Velocity distribution and Equipartition of energy. Specific heat of Mono-, di- and tri-atomic gases. Ideal gas, Van-der-Waals gas and equation of state. Mean free path . Laws of thermodynamics. Zeroeth law and concept of thermal equilibrium. First law of thermodynamics and its consequences. Isothermal and adiabatic processes. Reversible, irreversible and quasi-static processes. Second law of thermodynamics. Carnot cycle.
Modern Physics: Inertial frames and Galilean invariance. Postulates of special relativity. Lorentz transformations. Length contraction, time dilation. Relativistic velocity addition theorem, mass energy equivalence. Blackbody radiation, photoelectric effect, Bohr's atomic model, X-rays. Wave-particle duality, Uncertainty principle, Pauli Exclusion Principle, Structure of atomic nucleus, mass and binding energy. Radioactivity and its applications. Laws of radioactive decay and half life, Fission and fusion.
Solid State Physics and Electronics: Crystal structure, Bravais lattices and basis. Miller indices. X-ray diffraction and Bragg's law, Origin of energy bands. Concept of holes. Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. p-n junctions, transistors. Amplifier circuits with transistors.
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MATHEMATICS (MA)
SEQUENCES, SERIES AND DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS:
Sequences and Series of real numbers: Sequences and series of real numbers. Convergent and divergent sequences, bounded and monotone sequences, Convergence criteria for sequences of real numbers, Cauchy sequences, absolute and conditional convergence; Tests of convergence for series of positive terms - comparison test, ratio test, root test, Leibnitz test for convergence of alternating series.
Functions of one variable: limit, continuity, differentiation, Rolle's Theorem, Mean value theorem. Taylor's theorem. Maxima and minima.
Functions of two real variable: limit, continuity, partial derivatives, differentiability, maxima and minima. Method of Lagrange multipliers, Homogeneous functions including Euler's theorem.
Integral Calculus: Integration as the inverse process of differentiation, definite integrals and their properties, Fundamental theorem of integral calculus. Double and triple integrals, change of order of integration. Calculating surface areas and volumes using double integrals and applications. Calculating volumes using triple integrals and applications.
Differential Equations: Ordinary differential equations of the first order of the form y'=f(x,y). Bernoulli's equation, exact differential equations, integrating factor, Orthogonal trajectories, Homogeneous differential equations-separable solutions, Linear differential equations of second and higher order with constant coefficients, method of variation of parameters. Cauchy- Euler equation.
Vector Calculus: Scalar and vector fields, gradient, divergence, curl and Laplacian. Scalar line integrals and vector line integrals, scalar surface integrals and vector surface integrals, Green's, Stokes and Gauss theorems and their applications.
Group Theory: Groups, subgroups, Abelian groups, non-abelian groups, cyclic groups, permutation groups; Normal subgroups, Lagrange's Theorem for finite groups, group homomorphisms and basic concepts of quotient groups (only group theory).
Linear Algebra: Vector spaces, Linear dependence of vectors, basis, dimension, linear transformations, matrix representation with respect to an ordered basis, Range space and null space, rank-nullity theorem; Rank and inverse of a matrix, determinant, solutions of systems of linear equations, consistency conditions. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Cayley-Hamilton theorem. Symmetric, skewsymmetric, hermitian, skew-hermitian, orthogonal and unitary matrices.
Real Analysis: Interior points, limit points, open sets, closed sets, bounded sets, connected sets, compact sets; completeness of R, Power series (of real variable) including Taylor's and Maclaurin's, domain of convergence, term-wise differentiation and integration of power series.
Sequences and Series of real numbers: Sequences and series of real numbers. Convergent and divergent sequences, bounded and monotone sequences, Convergence criteria for sequences of real numbers, Cauchy sequences, absolute and conditional convergence; Tests of convergence for series of positive terms - comparison test, ratio test, root test, Leibnitz test for convergence of alternating series.
Functions of one variable: limit, continuity, differentiation, Rolle's Theorem, Mean value theorem. Taylor's theorem. Maxima and minima.
Functions of two real variable: limit, continuity, partial derivatives, differentiability, maxima and minima. Method of Lagrange multipliers, Homogeneous functions including Euler's theorem.
Integral Calculus: Integration as the inverse process of differentiation, definite integrals and their properties, Fundamental theorem of integral calculus. Double and triple integrals, change of order of integration. Calculating surface areas and volumes using double integrals and applications. Calculating volumes using triple integrals and applications.
Differential Equations: Ordinary differential equations of the first order of the form y'=f(x,y). Bernoulli's equation, exact differential equations, integrating factor, Orthogonal trajectories, Homogeneous differential equations-separable solutions, Linear differential equations of second and higher order with constant coefficients, method of variation of parameters. Cauchy- Euler equation.
Vector Calculus: Scalar and vector fields, gradient, divergence, curl and Laplacian. Scalar line integrals and vector line integrals, scalar surface integrals and vector surface integrals, Green's, Stokes and Gauss theorems and their applications.
Group Theory: Groups, subgroups, Abelian groups, non-abelian groups, cyclic groups, permutation groups; Normal subgroups, Lagrange's Theorem for finite groups, group homomorphisms and basic concepts of quotient groups (only group theory).
Linear Algebra: Vector spaces, Linear dependence of vectors, basis, dimension, linear transformations, matrix representation with respect to an ordered basis, Range space and null space, rank-nullity theorem; Rank and inverse of a matrix, determinant, solutions of systems of linear equations, consistency conditions. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Cayley-Hamilton theorem. Symmetric, skewsymmetric, hermitian, skew-hermitian, orthogonal and unitary matrices.
Real Analysis: Interior points, limit points, open sets, closed sets, bounded sets, connected sets, compact sets; completeness of R, Power series (of real variable) including Taylor's and Maclaurin's, domain of convergence, term-wise differentiation and integration of power series.
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MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS (MS)
The Mathematical Statistics (MS) test paper comprisesof Mathematics (40% weightage) and Statistics (60%weightage).
Mathematics:
Sequences and Series: Convergence of sequences of real numbers, Comparison, root and ratio tests for convergence of series of real numbers.
Differential Calculus: Limits, continuity and differentiability of functions of one and two variables. Rolle's theorem, mean value theorems, Taylor's theorem, indeterminate forms, maxima and minima of functions of one and two variables.
Integral Calculus: Fundamental theorems of integral calculus. Double and triple integrals, applications of definite integrals, arc lengths, areas and volumes. Matrices: Rank, inverse of a matrix. systems of linear equations. Linear transformations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Cayley-Hamilton theorem, symmetric, skewsymmetric and orthogonal matrices.
Differential Equations: Ordinary differential equations of the first order of the form y' = f(x,y). Linear differential equations of the second order with constant coefficients.
Statistics Probability: Axiomatic definition of probability and properties, conditional probability, multiplication rule. Theorem of total probability. Bayes' theorem and independence of events.
Random Variables: Probability mass function, probability density function and cumulative distribution functions, distribution of a function of a random variable. Mathematical expectation, moments and moment generating function. Chebyshev's inequality.
Standard Distributions: Binomial, negative binomial, geometric, Poisson, hypergeometric, uniform, exponential, gamma, beta and normal distributions. Poisson and normal approximations of a binomial distribution.
Joint Distributions: Joint, marginal and conditional distributions. Distribution of functions of random variables. Product moments, correlation, simple linear regression. Independence of random variables.
Sampling distributions: Chi-square, t and F distributions, and their properties.
Limit Theorems: Weak law of large numbers. Central limit theorem (i.i.d.with finite variance case only).
Estimation: Unbiasedness, consistency and efficiency of estimators, method of moments and method of maximum likelihood. Sufficiency, factorization theorem. Completeness, Rao-Blackwell and Lehmann-Scheffe theorems, uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimators. Rao-Cramer inequality. Confidence intervals for the parameters of univariate normal, two independent normal, and one parameter exponential distributions.
Testing of Hypotheses: Basic concepts, applications of Neyman-Pearson Lemma for testing simple and composite hypotheses. Likelihood ratio tests for parameters of univariate normal distribution.
Mathematics:
Sequences and Series: Convergence of sequences of real numbers, Comparison, root and ratio tests for convergence of series of real numbers.
Differential Calculus: Limits, continuity and differentiability of functions of one and two variables. Rolle's theorem, mean value theorems, Taylor's theorem, indeterminate forms, maxima and minima of functions of one and two variables.
Integral Calculus: Fundamental theorems of integral calculus. Double and triple integrals, applications of definite integrals, arc lengths, areas and volumes. Matrices: Rank, inverse of a matrix. systems of linear equations. Linear transformations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Cayley-Hamilton theorem, symmetric, skewsymmetric and orthogonal matrices.
Differential Equations: Ordinary differential equations of the first order of the form y' = f(x,y). Linear differential equations of the second order with constant coefficients.
Statistics Probability: Axiomatic definition of probability and properties, conditional probability, multiplication rule. Theorem of total probability. Bayes' theorem and independence of events.
Random Variables: Probability mass function, probability density function and cumulative distribution functions, distribution of a function of a random variable. Mathematical expectation, moments and moment generating function. Chebyshev's inequality.
Standard Distributions: Binomial, negative binomial, geometric, Poisson, hypergeometric, uniform, exponential, gamma, beta and normal distributions. Poisson and normal approximations of a binomial distribution.
Joint Distributions: Joint, marginal and conditional distributions. Distribution of functions of random variables. Product moments, correlation, simple linear regression. Independence of random variables.
Sampling distributions: Chi-square, t and F distributions, and their properties.
Limit Theorems: Weak law of large numbers. Central limit theorem (i.i.d.with finite variance case only).
Estimation: Unbiasedness, consistency and efficiency of estimators, method of moments and method of maximum likelihood. Sufficiency, factorization theorem. Completeness, Rao-Blackwell and Lehmann-Scheffe theorems, uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimators. Rao-Cramer inequality. Confidence intervals for the parameters of univariate normal, two independent normal, and one parameter exponential distributions.
Testing of Hypotheses: Basic concepts, applications of Neyman-Pearson Lemma for testing simple and composite hypotheses. Likelihood ratio tests for parameters of univariate normal distribution.
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PHYSICS (PH)
Mathematical Methods: Calculus of single and multiplevariables, partial derivatives, Jacobian, imperfect and perfect differentials, Taylor expansion, Fourier series. Vector algebra, Vector Calculus, Multiple integrals, Divergence theorem, Green’s theorem, Stokes’ theorem. First order equations and linear second order differential equations with constant coefficients. Matrices and determinants, Algebra of complex numbers.
Mechanics and General Properties of Matter: Newton’s laws of motion and applications, Velocity and acceleration in Cartesian, polar and cylindrical coordinate systems, uniformly rotating frame, centrifugal and Coriolis forces, Motion under a central force, Kepler’s laws, Gravitational Law and field, Conservative and non-conservative forces. System of particles, Centre of mass, equation of motion of the CM, conservation of linear and angular momentum, conservation of energy, variable mass systems. Elastic and inelastic collisions. Rigid body motion, fixed axis rotations, rotation and translation, moments of Inertia and products of Inertia, parallel and perpendicular axes theorem. Principal moments and axes. Kinematics of moving fluids, equation of continuity, Euler’s equation, Bernoulli’s theorem.
Oscillations, Waves and Optics: Differential equation for simple harmonic oscillator and its general solution. Super-position of two or more simple harmonic oscillators. Lissajous figures. Damped and forced oscillators, resonance. Wave equation, traveling and standing waves in onedimension. Energy density and energy transmission in waves. Group velocity and phase velocity. Sound waves in media. Doppler Effect. Fermat’s Principle. General theory of image formation. Thick lens, thin lens and lens combinations. Interference of light, optical path retardation. Fraunhofer diffraction. Rayleigh criterion and resolving power. Diffraction gratings. Polarization: linear, circular and elliptic polarization. Double refraction and optical rotation.
Electricity and Magnetism: Coulomb’s law, Gauss’s law. Electric field and potential. Electrostatic boundary conditions, Solution of Laplace’s equation for simple cases. Conductors, capacitors, dielectrics, dielectric polarization, volume and surface charges, electrostatic energy. Biot- Savart law, Ampere’s law, Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, Self and mutual inductance. Alternating currents. Simple DC and AC circuits with R, L and C components. Displacement current, Maxwell’s equations and plane electromagnetic waves, Poynting’s theorem, reflection and refraction at a dielectric interface, transmission and reflection coefficients (normal incidence only). Lorentz Force and motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields.
Kinetic theory, Thermodynamics: Elements of Kinetic theory of gases. Velocity distribution and Equipartition of energy. Specific heat of Mono-, di- and tri-atomic gases. Ideal gas, van-der-Waals gas and equation of state. Mean free path. Laws of thermodynamics. Zeroth law and concept of thermal equilibrium. First law and its consequences. Isothermal and adiabatic processes. Reversible, irreversible and quasi-static processes. Second law and entropy. Carnot cycle. Maxwell’s thermodynamic relations and simple applications. Thermodynamic potentials and their applications. Phase transitions and Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Ideas of ensembles, Maxwell-Boltzmann, Fermi- Dirac and Bose-Einstein distributions.
Modern Physics: Inertial frames and Galilean invariance. Postulates of special relativity. Lorentz transformations. Length contraction, time dilation. Relativistic velocity addition theorem, mass energy equivalence. Blackbody radiation, photoelectric effect, Compton effect, Bohr’s atomic model, X-rays. Wave-particle duality, Uncertainty principle, the superposition principle, calculation of expectation values, Schrödinger equation and its solution for one, two and three dimensional boxes. Solution of Schrödinger equation for the one dimensional harmonic oscillator. Reflection and transmission at a step potential, Pauli exclusion principle. Structure of atomic nucleus, mass and binding energy. Radioactivity and its applications. Laws of radioactive decay.
Solid State Physics, Devices and Electronics: Crystal structure, Bravais lattices and basis. Miller indices. X-ray diffraction and Bragg’s law; Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, variation of resistivity with temperature. Fermi level. p-n junction diode, I-V characteristics, Zener diode and its applications, BJT: characteristics in CB, CE, CC modes. Single stage amplifier, two stage R-C coupled amplifiers. Simple Oscillators: Barkhausen condition, sinusoidal oscillators. OPAMP and applications: Inverting and non-inverting amplifier. Boolean algebra: Binary number systems; conversion from one system to another system; binary addition and subtraction. Logic Gates AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR exclusive OR; Truth tables; combination of gates; de Morgan’s theorem.
Mechanics and General Properties of Matter: Newton’s laws of motion and applications, Velocity and acceleration in Cartesian, polar and cylindrical coordinate systems, uniformly rotating frame, centrifugal and Coriolis forces, Motion under a central force, Kepler’s laws, Gravitational Law and field, Conservative and non-conservative forces. System of particles, Centre of mass, equation of motion of the CM, conservation of linear and angular momentum, conservation of energy, variable mass systems. Elastic and inelastic collisions. Rigid body motion, fixed axis rotations, rotation and translation, moments of Inertia and products of Inertia, parallel and perpendicular axes theorem. Principal moments and axes. Kinematics of moving fluids, equation of continuity, Euler’s equation, Bernoulli’s theorem.
Oscillations, Waves and Optics: Differential equation for simple harmonic oscillator and its general solution. Super-position of two or more simple harmonic oscillators. Lissajous figures. Damped and forced oscillators, resonance. Wave equation, traveling and standing waves in onedimension. Energy density and energy transmission in waves. Group velocity and phase velocity. Sound waves in media. Doppler Effect. Fermat’s Principle. General theory of image formation. Thick lens, thin lens and lens combinations. Interference of light, optical path retardation. Fraunhofer diffraction. Rayleigh criterion and resolving power. Diffraction gratings. Polarization: linear, circular and elliptic polarization. Double refraction and optical rotation.
Electricity and Magnetism: Coulomb’s law, Gauss’s law. Electric field and potential. Electrostatic boundary conditions, Solution of Laplace’s equation for simple cases. Conductors, capacitors, dielectrics, dielectric polarization, volume and surface charges, electrostatic energy. Biot- Savart law, Ampere’s law, Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, Self and mutual inductance. Alternating currents. Simple DC and AC circuits with R, L and C components. Displacement current, Maxwell’s equations and plane electromagnetic waves, Poynting’s theorem, reflection and refraction at a dielectric interface, transmission and reflection coefficients (normal incidence only). Lorentz Force and motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields.
Kinetic theory, Thermodynamics: Elements of Kinetic theory of gases. Velocity distribution and Equipartition of energy. Specific heat of Mono-, di- and tri-atomic gases. Ideal gas, van-der-Waals gas and equation of state. Mean free path. Laws of thermodynamics. Zeroth law and concept of thermal equilibrium. First law and its consequences. Isothermal and adiabatic processes. Reversible, irreversible and quasi-static processes. Second law and entropy. Carnot cycle. Maxwell’s thermodynamic relations and simple applications. Thermodynamic potentials and their applications. Phase transitions and Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Ideas of ensembles, Maxwell-Boltzmann, Fermi- Dirac and Bose-Einstein distributions.
Modern Physics: Inertial frames and Galilean invariance. Postulates of special relativity. Lorentz transformations. Length contraction, time dilation. Relativistic velocity addition theorem, mass energy equivalence. Blackbody radiation, photoelectric effect, Compton effect, Bohr’s atomic model, X-rays. Wave-particle duality, Uncertainty principle, the superposition principle, calculation of expectation values, Schrödinger equation and its solution for one, two and three dimensional boxes. Solution of Schrödinger equation for the one dimensional harmonic oscillator. Reflection and transmission at a step potential, Pauli exclusion principle. Structure of atomic nucleus, mass and binding energy. Radioactivity and its applications. Laws of radioactive decay.
Solid State Physics, Devices and Electronics: Crystal structure, Bravais lattices and basis. Miller indices. X-ray diffraction and Bragg’s law; Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, variation of resistivity with temperature. Fermi level. p-n junction diode, I-V characteristics, Zener diode and its applications, BJT: characteristics in CB, CE, CC modes. Single stage amplifier, two stage R-C coupled amplifiers. Simple Oscillators: Barkhausen condition, sinusoidal oscillators. OPAMP and applications: Inverting and non-inverting amplifier. Boolean algebra: Binary number systems; conversion from one system to another system; binary addition and subtraction. Logic Gates AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR exclusive OR; Truth tables; combination of gates; de Morgan’s theorem.
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